Knowledge List
基金净值与股票价格的区别

基金净值与股票价格有四点不同。

其一,股票价格在每天的交易时间内时时变化。而基金的净值每天在交易时间结束后计算,每天只有一个净值。投资者购买基金是按照未知价法,即当天交易结束后计算出的净值是当日基金的购买价格。购买股票通常是以股票的数目计算。如购买100股的招商银行和100股的交通银行。对流动资金有限的小投资者而言,股价高昂是障碍。购买证券投资基金是以投资额来计算。一般来说,基金公司不会介意出售以小数计算的基金份额。只要投资者能支付最低投资额,便可以获得相应的份额。如您投资1250元于某只最低投资额是500元,净值为1.5元的基金,您实际获得基金份额是833.33份。

其二,股票的流通股数通常是固定的。上市公司可以通过在市场上增发股票或回购股份改变流动股的股数。开放式基金的份额通常是不固定的。每天的份额取决于投资者申购和赎回的份额变化。份额的增减通常不会影响基金净值的改变,投资组合内证券价值的改变和基金的销售情况,均会影响到基金的净值。

其三,股票的价格取决于人们愿意支付的价钱,投资者可以根据上市公司的盈利能力与现金流等信息决定股票价格是高估还是低估,进一步指导投资决策。基金的价格基于投资组合的价值,与投资者愿意支付多少价钱没有关系。基金没有所谓的“合理”价格,这与股票有所不同。

其四,您可以用股票的价格来衡量一只股票的表现。但是,证券基金将收入或收益分配给持有人亦降低基金的单位净值。除非把这些分红计算在内,否则将会低估基金的真实业绩。要准确衡量基金的表现,投资者需要审视其总回报,即综合基金持仓的资本收益和分红。

单位资产净值的意义在于让你了解到投资的每日最新价值。净值是计算回报的基础,单日的资产净值不能显示该基金的表现。要比较不同基金的业绩,应综合考虑风险调整后收益,投资策略、投资团队和成本等因素。

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